Radiation effects Pulsed electro acoustic method Electrical ageing Optimization SiO2 Charges injection HVDC cable Electrostatics AFM Space charges Partial discharges Ageing Accumulation characteristics Silicon compounds XLPE Charge transport Epoxy Acoustic wave propagation Charge measurement Conduction current Charge transport model HVDC Thermal aging Dielectric Polarity reversal PTFE Charge d'espace Insulations Silver nanoparticles Dielectrics Dielectric materials FTIR Field distribution Nanostructured dielectrics Modeling Electrical insulation Permittivity Polymers Current measurement Charge injection Atomic force microscopy Dielectric charging Electron-beam irradiation Polymer Fluid model Plasma processes Conductivity Cable Dielectric properties Ac electric field Epoxy resin Insulation Polyimide Proteins Gamma irradiation Electric field FLIMM Electroluminescence AgNPs C-AFM Thin films Nanocomposite Silver Polymeric insulation LIMM Breakdown Bipolar charge transport model Polarization Electric field distribution Interfaces BSA Dielectric material Rotating machines Dielectric films KPFM Cross-linking by-products Cumyl alcohol Crosslinked polyethylene Cross-linked polyethylene Electrodes Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy LDPE Charge trapping DC conductivity EFM Plasma process Cathodoluminescence Mechanical properties Insulating polymers Polyethylene Aluminum oxide Power cables Space charge Interfacial charge Luminescence Transport Polypropylene Charge transport modeling Plasma deposition PEA