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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2012

Impacts of obesity on the oro-sensory perception of lipids in Human

Résumé

Accumulating evidences support the existence of a fatty acid taste both in rodents and humans. A recent study performed in lean subjects suggests the existence of a positive correlation between the oro-sensory perception of dietary lipids and body mass index (BMI) in Human. It was extrapolated that obesity might promote overconsumption of fatty foods by decreasing the detection of lipids in oral cavity. To explore this hypothesis, linoleic acid (LA) detection threshold was determined in lean (18>BMI <25, n=30) and obese (BMI>30, n=29) volunteers using a 3-alternative force choice ascending concentration presentation procedure in conditions known to minimize other sensory cues. A large distribution of LA detection was found in both groups. Mean detection thresholds were 0.053% (w/v) and 0.071 (w/v) in lean and obese subjects, respectively. No relationship between LA detection threshold and BMI was found. In contrast to lean subjects, LA threshold failed to be obtained in 5 obese patients suggesting a bimodal distribution in obese group with LA-tasters and non-tasters. To try to identified pertinent biological markers for the” fatty” taste, plasma changes following a sip and spit procedure with an emulsion containing or not 1% LA were explored in these subjects after an overnight fasting period. Whole mouth stimulation with 1% LA induced a rapid and significant rise in plasma triglyceride (TG) levels as compared to control solution in lean subjects. Interestingly, this change was not retrieved in obese subjects. This LA-mediated effect seems to be specific to TG since no modification in plasma glucose levels was found whatever the group. Altogether our psychophysiological and physiological data strongly suggest that obesity may interfere with the oro-sensory detection of free fatty acid in human. Origins (e.g. genetic in LA-non tasters and/or environmental) and consequences (e.g. on eating habits) of this phenomenon remain to be determined.
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Dates et versions

hal-01594342 , version 1 (26-09-2017)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-01594342 , version 1
  • PRODINRA : 367873

Citer

Michaël Chevrot, Géraldine Enderli, Marlène Gomes, Patricia Passilly-Degrace, Isabelle Robin, et al.. Impacts of obesity on the oro-sensory perception of lipids in Human. 9. congrès de lipidomique , Oct 2010, Paris, France. ⟨hal-01594342⟩
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